WEBVTT Kind: captions; Language: en

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It is a blueprint for world revolution.

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Red China's battle plan.

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Divide and encircle.

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Conquer and enslave.

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This film tells how it all came about.

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China ceased to dominate

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various territories, which included three
and one-half million square miles, an

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area equal in size to three Indians,
or almost all of Europe.

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Never in history had a major independent nation

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lost so much sovereignty and
suffered so much humiliation.

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Entering the 20th century, China is a
backward nation ruled by an autocratic

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system of emperors and kings.

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Her people are restless. They want to change.

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They demand new leadership.

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They find both in Dr. Sun Yat-sen,
the George Washington of China, who leads a

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people's revolution in 1911 that
overthrows the corrupt Manchu dynasty.

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Dr. Sun's attempts to establish democracy
in China are hampered by reactionaries,

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restorationists, warlords.

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And amid the chaos and unrest,
the Chinese Communist Party is born.

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Mao Zedong attends the
founding conference in 1921.

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A man of the soil, he believes that the
ultimate power in China belongs to the

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peasants, who make up 80%
of the nation's population.

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And so, says Mao Zedong, China's Communist
revolution must begin in the rural

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areas and sweep over the cities.

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Chang Kaisheng, succeeding Sun Yat-sen,
works with the Communists at first, but

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in 1927 he purges them from his government.

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Chang's armies are able to drive the Red
troops into the mountains, but he can

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never wipe them out.

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[...] Communist Party And in 1934,
Mao Zedong undertakes his long march in search

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of sanctuary in the remote province of Shenzi,
in the caves of Yanan.

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It is as if an army had been ordered to
march on foot 6,000 miles through hostile

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territory in one year.

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Following a tortuous roundabout route,
the Communists cross 18 mountain ranges,

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some of them higher than the European Alps.

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In the beginning, there are 180,000

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marchers in the Communist caravan,
curling across the hills and plains of China

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for 50 miles and more.

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Casualties are enormous.
Three-quarters of the marchers die on route.

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But the survivors press on, and when
they reach their mountain sanctuary, Mao

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himself is on hand to salute and welcome them.

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He is, and has been throughout
the long march in full command.

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There are only a few thousand Communists
in the caves of Yanan, but from this

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humble beginning, their influence will
grow and multiply, reach out and conquer.

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The Communists

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ideologically are constantly on the attack,
denouncing the nationalist

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government and Zhong Kai Sheng.

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And Mao does something no military
leader in China has done before.

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He sends his soldiers into the fields to
work beside the peasants, to help them,

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and to talk to them of the new China,
the Communist China, in which landlords

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will be made to give up
their farms to the peasants.

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Propaganda teams travel the countryside.

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Dancers perform morality plays in which
the landlords are the devils, and the

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Communists are the forces of righteousness,
trampling their class enemies.

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[...] Kai Sheng is aware of the growing
pro-communist sentiment in China.

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He realizes that it is a threat as great,
if not greater, than the

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aggressive ambitions of the Japanese.

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For Zhong and for nationalist China,
the sands of time are running out.

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And yet, the nation, her cities, and her
people reflect little of the uneasiness,

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unrest, uncertainty that casts their
shadows from within and without.

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Shanghai, 1937. The blow falls. Japan strikes.

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When Zhong Kai Sheng is forced into

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war with Japan, when China must fight
for her life, the Communists are given

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representation in a coalition government.

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Mao Zedong makes his real aims very clear.

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We are fighting 70% for self-development,
20% for compromise,

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10% against Japan.

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As the Sino-Japanese war goes on,
Mao is promoted in Chinese Communist propaganda

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as a popular anti-Japanese patriot.

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Wherever and however the Red troops move
into battle, they spread the glory of

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Mao Zedong and the greatness
of the Communist cause.

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On their backs, they carry posters and slogans

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as they march through the countryside.

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When the war ends in 1945,
Mao's guerrillas have grown

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from 40,000 to 1 million.

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The enemy from without has been conquered,
but within, the fight has just begun.

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For post-war China is a
nation exhausted by battle.

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People eat grass.

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Misery and hunger are deeply etched
on the land and on the people.

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This is the time for Mao
Zedong to launch his so-called

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War of National Liberation.

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Communist forces have been strengthened
by the acquisition of captured Japanese

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weapons and ammunition stockpiled in Manchuria

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and seized with Russian assistance.

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Mao's strategy is based on a protracted war,
a war that will weaken the

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nationalists as the Communists grow stronger.

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Enemy advances, we retreat.

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Enemy camps, we harass.

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Enemy tires, we attack.

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Enemy retreats, we pursue.

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Time and again, Zhang Kaishik's stronger,
better-equipped army units find

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themselves fighting an elusive shadowy
enemy that melts into the mountains.

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And in the midst of battle, communist
soldiers are rang the nationalists, calling

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on Zhang's troops, often with great effect,
to desert to the Communist side.

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Mao Zedong's self-proclaimed
War of National Liberation is a

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series of battles of annihilation.

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Injuring all of a man's ten fingers is
not as effective as chopping off one,

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and routing ten enemy divisions is not as
effective as annihilating one of them.

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Mao's conquest of mainland China
begins with his guerrillas gaining

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control of the rural areas.

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Then the cities are surrounded and isolated,
engulfed and defeated.

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Mao's blueprint for conquest
is succeeding justice plan.

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All along, Mao

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wooes the intellectuals, the middle
force in China, with talk of a coalition

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government, a united front, a new democracy.

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But Mao's promises of popular
representation only mask the

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communist leader's real intention.

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Finally, all of mainland China is
swallowed up by the so-called liberation

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movement,
and one-fourth of the world's population is

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brought under communist control.

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But on Formosa, renamed Taiwan,
more than ten million Chinese remain free.

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Zhang Gaihek has escaped and set
up a republic of China government

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in opposition to the Communists.

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Zhang signs a mutual defense treaty with
the United States, and vows one day

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to liberate captive China.

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In Beijing, on October 1, 1949,
Mao Zedong proclaims the birth

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of the People's Republic of China.

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In Communist China, with the war of
national liberation won, Mao Zedong reveals

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to the world that he is no
gentle agrarian reformer.

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In the first five years of the People's
Republic, at least 800,000 anti

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-communists by Mao's own
admission are tried and executed.

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Millions more die from local excesses,
from imprisonment, from assignment to so

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-called labor reform units.

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In foreign affairs,
Mao becomes increasingly militant.

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And in Korea, in 1950,
Communist China and the free world come into

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conflict when South Korea is invaded
by Communist forces from North Korea.

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The United Nations Security Council is
convened in emergency session in New York,

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and the members vote to send troops into
combat to help defend the independence

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and sovereignty of South Korea.

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In December 1950, the Red

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Chinese intervene on the side of North Korea.

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For two and one-half years, the UN and
Communist troops fight and fall in Korea.

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The United Nations forces hold,
and in July 1953, at

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Panmunjom, an armistice is signed,
fixing boundary lines much as

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they were when the invasion began.

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General William Harrison
signs for the United Nations.

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General Nam Yil accepts the
agreement for North Korea.

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As the Communist Chinese troops
withdraw and return to their homeland,

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Mao Zedong claims a momentous
victory over the free world.

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Mao tells the world,
The United States is a paper tiger.

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[...]

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Immediately after the establishment of
the People's Republic, all is harmony

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between the Chinese dragon
and the Russian bear.

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Moscow rolls out the red carpet
for the visitor from Peking.

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And it is not long before the two giants
of the Communist world, controlling

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together more than a billion lives,
sign a 30-year treaty of

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friendship, alliance, and assistance.

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Each country promises not to join in any
coalition against the other, and both

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agree to consult regularly on
matters of mutual concern.

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But in 1956,
the dragon and the bear come into conflict as

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Nikita Khrushchev denounces Joseph Stalin,
Mao Zedong's long-time idol.

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When the Russian premier proposes a policy
of peaceful coexistence with the free

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world, Red China attacks Khrushchev and
the Soviet Union as traitors to the

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basic doctrine of world revolution.

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As the years go by, the rift grows wider.

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[...] the European Union In 1963, Russia,
the United States, and Great Britain

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agree on an historic treaty banning
nuclear testing in the atmosphere,

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outer space, and underwater.

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The treaty, the increasing contact and
communications between Russia and the free

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world, reflect the Soviet leadership's
growing concern with internal problems and

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so-called peaceful coexistence as
a better way than forced to spread

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communism around the world.

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Dean Rusk signs for the United States,

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Andre Dromiko for the Soviet Union,
and Alexander

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Douglas Hume for Great Britain.

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Red China denounces Moscow's
new line and sets out to

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become the leader of world communism.

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As generations of leadership change,
as years pass,

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Peking may change its militant position.

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But today, communist China seeks to spread
its own brand of global revolution.

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Mao's emissaries are sent into the
underdeveloped nations of the world, the so

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-called rural areas.

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Red technicians arrive in Havana,
seeking a foothold in the Caribbean, a

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satellite in the Western Hemisphere.

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Raul Castro, Fidel's younger brother,
travels behind the bamboo curtain to be

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greeted and decorated by
Chinese military officials.

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In Europe,
Red China wins a satellite in tiny Albania.

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And in talks and meetings,
the Red leaders preach their gospel of world

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revolution through people's
wars of national liberation.

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Satellite nations are emphatically
reminded of Mao's admonition.

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Political power grows out
of the barrel of a gun.

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In Africa, Ghana and its leader,
Kwame Nkrumah, receives special...

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On state visits, the Ghanaian president
is greeted by Zhou Enlai, as Peking seeks

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to spread its influence throughout Africa.

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In Asia, the

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Chinese communist regime seeks to
become a friend and ally of Pakistan.

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Zhou Enlai, Peking's apostle of
world revolution, as he meets

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with President Ayub Khan.

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In alliances and agreements with Indonesia
and other nations, Red China adheres

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to Mao Zedong's creed of conquest.

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The Marxist-Leninist principles of
revolution hold good universally for China,

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all the other countries of the world.

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Red China's battle plan is spelled out
in specific detail in an article written

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by Lin Biao,
vice chairman of the Chinese Communist

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Party and Minister of Defense.

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Long live the victory of people's war,
is the title of the article.

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And its 18,000 words are directed
toward the ultimate and absolute

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defeat of the free world.

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Victory for communism will come, says Lin Biao,

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through wars of national liberation.

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Country by country, continent by continent.

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Lin Biao's blueprint for world revolution
follows Mao Zedong's classic conquest

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of China, dividing the world as a nation
is divided into cities and rural areas.

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In this Red Chinese battle plan,
North America and Western Europe are the cities

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of the world, and Asia, Africa,
Central America, and South

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America, the rural areas.

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With revolutions such as the war in Vietnam
organized everywhere, there will be,

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says Lin Biao,
a tide of opposition to the free world.

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And the imperialists, the reactionaries, the

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Khrushchev revisionists,
will be swept from the stage of history.

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The struggle of the Viet Cong,
as Lin Biao, is now the focus of

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the struggle of the people of the world.

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The communists are waging a guerrilla war,
patterned after Mao Zedong's war

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of national liberation.

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In Vietnam, as in China two decades ago,
communists seek to dominate the

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countryside until the dense thicket
of communism surrounds, entangles,

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and finally chokes the cities.

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And the Viet Cong fight with
guerrilla tactics tested

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and perfected by Mao Zedong.

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Use any technique of terror,
subversion, treachery, that will harass

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and cripple the enemy.

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And so civilian prisoners are bound,
then chained,

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and slaughtered by the Viet Cong.

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Peking is careful to assert that
revolutions cannot be important.

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But, says Lin Biao,
that does not exclude support for revolutionary

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peoples in their struggles.

00:22:09.001 --> 00:22:16.000
Thus does militant communist
China and Mao Zedong

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see the day when Peking becomes the
ideological center of a world enslaved.

00:22:24.000 --> 00:22:27.001
But in many countries,
the Red Chinese battle plan has failed.

00:22:29.001 --> 00:22:35.001
In Ghana, Huamé Nkrumah, good friend and
faithful ally of Mao Zedong, is today a

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fallen idol, a deposed ruler,
a man without a country.

00:22:48.001 --> 00:22:53.001
In Indonesia, anti-communist riots
shake the country and students

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storm the Red Chinese embassy.

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Sukarno is no longer the absolute
ruler of the island empire.

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In the Caribbean,
communist China suffers still another setback.

00:23:08.001 --> 00:23:13.000
Fidel Castro turns his back on Peking
and sends Red China's technicians home,

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denouncing all but Castro's
own brand of communism.

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In Asia, nations large and small
stand together, strong, alert.

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Determined

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to respond to wars of aggression
that deny people the chance

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to decide their own destiny.

00:23:47.001 --> 00:23:53.001
Striving for peace, striving for a world
in which nations live by law and reason,

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not by threats and destruction.

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In a world of so-called cities and rural areas,
the emerging nations and

00:24:05.001 --> 00:24:11.000
industrial countries are today partners
in progress, building together for peace.

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The cities, the fortunate nations of the world,
are bringing to the rural areas,

00:24:18.001 --> 00:24:23.000
the poorer nations, the skills and
assistance needed to help them and their

00:24:23.000 --> 00:24:25.000
people build and create a better life.

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For this generation and those to come,
carrying on a tradition of hope

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and the dignity of man, a conviction born long

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ago, far away.

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When this bell rang out the noose,
that a new nation was born, a new truth

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proclaimed, that man is born to
be and to remain forever free.

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